军人比武前后心理应激与人格特征的相关性变化的研究

Studies on the correlation between psychological stress status and the personality of the soldiers participating competition in military skills

目的探讨官兵比武时心理应激状态及与人格特征的关系,为军事应激条件下进行适宜的心理干预提供依据。方法对参加比武的252名官兵,在比武前后应用军人心理应激自评问卷(PSET)、症状自评表(SCL-90)及艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)进行调查,个性与比武后SCL-90各因子进行相关分析。结果 252名官兵比武后PSET评分T分≥70分的人数由18人(7.1%)增至76人(30.2%),PSET积分增高,与比武前比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);比武后躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑等附加项目均较比武前明显增高,P<0.01,精神质(P)和神经质(N)分值比武后高于比武前(P<0.05),而内外向(E)和掩饰(L)分值比武前后比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。比武后SCL-90因子评分与EPQ量表的精神质(P)和神经质(N)成正相关,与内外向(E)和掩饰(L)分值成负相关。结论比武作为一种较强烈的心理刺激引起一系列的心理应激变化和损害,情绪不稳定和过于内向等性格容易产生心理障碍,选择适宜的心理训练,对提高官兵的心理应激能力十分必要。

Objective To investigate the correlation between psychological stress status and the personality of the soldiers participating competition in military skills. Methods The psychological stress self-evaluation test（PSET）,SCL-90 game and Eysenck personalityquestionnaire（EPQ） were conducted in 252 servicemen before and after competition in military skills. Correlation between psychological stress status and their personality profile was studied versus the SCL-90 after competition in military skills. Results The 252 servicemen who had participated competition in military skills were tested with PSET. The number of persons PSET data T≥70 increased from 18 before the exercise to 76 after the competition in military skills（P〈0.05）. After a competition in military skills,the number of positive items and subscores of SCL-90 increased than before compared with that of before,subscores of somatization,obsession,anxiety and additional subsores were all elevated（P〈0.05）. The scores of psychoticism（P）and the neuroticism（N） of EPQ were higher after the competition than of before that. No significant difference was found in the scores in extroversion（E） and concealment（L） of EPQ（P〈0.05）. Scores of SCL-90 were positively with psychoticism（P） and neuroticism（N） of EPQ sensitivity scores,and negatively related to extrovesion（E） and concealment（L） of EPQ. Conclusion As a strong psychosocial stress,the competition in military skills can lead to psychological change and injuries in personality of servicemen. Personality and interpersonal relation were the main factors inducing negative psychological status. A suitable psychological intervention can reduce the stress induced by military exercise and enhance the mental health of the servicemen.