中国“城市病”的测度指标体系及其实证分析

Measurement Index System and Empirical Analysis of China's Urban Diseases

针对城市病的内涵与外延界定、成因、治理经验与对策等研究现状进行评述,指出存在的主要不足;初步构建了测度中国城市病的指标体系,并以北京、上海、广州3个城市为例进行实证分析。结果显示:1就城市病总指数而言,北京市>上海市>广州市;2各类城市病在3个城市中存在明显差异性:上海的人口拥挤指数最高,北京次之,广州最小;广州的交通拥堵指数较高,北京与上海大致相近;北京的环境污染与风险指数明显高于上海和广州;广州的住房贫困指数略高于北京和上海。最后,提出了若干治理策略。

In this paper the author reviews the connotation and extension, cause of formation, managerial experiences and countermeasures on urban diseases, and points out the main issues in existing research. On the basis of reference of existing research results, builds the primary framework of measurement index system of China＇s urban diseases, and an empirical analysis has been carried among Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The results show：（1） In terms of the gross index of urban diseases, Beijing is greater than Shanghai, Shanghai than Guangzhou;（2） There are obvious differences in types of urban diseases in the three cities, Shanghai has highest crowded population index; traffic congestion index of Guangzhou is higher; Beijing＇s environmental pollution and risk index is significantly higher than those in Shanghai and Guangzhou, and Guangzhou＇s housing poverty index is slightly higher than that of Beijing and Shanghai. Finally,according to China＇s urban disease management, some tactics are proposed.