泉州晋江陆地港媒介生物监测分析

The analysis of medical vectors monitoring results at Jinjiang,Quanzhou land port

目的掌握泉州晋江陆地港媒介生物的构成及分布情况,为该港的媒介生物及其传染病的防制工作提供科学依据。方法按照《中华人民共和国出入境检验检疫行业标准》制定鼠、蚊、蝇、蜚蠊、蚤、螨、蜱、蠓8种媒介生物的监测方法,每种进行为期1年每月1次的调查。结果 (1)捕获鼠类35只,年平均鼠形动物密度为1.47%,褐家鼠为优势种属,占45.71%,汉坦病毒病毒携带率为6.45%。(2)检获的蚤、螨种属较为单一,鼠体染蚤率2.86%、鼠体染螨率5.72%。(3)捕获成蚊1 043只,平均蚊密度为43.46只/人工·小时,隶属1科2属2种。(4)捕获蝇1886只,平均密度为39.29只/笼·日,隶属4科15属20种。(5)捕获蜚蠊15只,年平均密度为0.03只/盒,隶属1科1属2种。(6)捕获蠓类1只,为荒川库蠓。结论泉州晋江陆地港除鼠、蚊、蝇的密度外,其余种类密度均符合国境口岸相应控制标准的要求;鼠体携带寄生虫率及汉坦病毒率较高,应加强防控,防止相关传染病的发生。

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of the medical vectors at Jinjiang, Quanzhou land port and to provide guidance for the vector and vector -borne diseases control . Methods Surveys are carried out once per month and one year of each in accordance with the monitoring methods of eight medical vectors （ rats, mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, fleas, mites, ticks, midges ） in the inspection and quarantine industry standard of China. Results （1） 35 rats have been captured, and the annual average density of rats is 1.47%. The dominance species are Rattus norvegicus which accounts for 45.71%, and the positive rate of Hantaviruses is 6.45%. （2）The species of fleas, mites are simple, the fleas - infected and mite - infected are 2. 86% and 5.72% respectively. （3） 1043 mosquitoes are captured, belonging to 2 species, 2 genera and 1 family. The annual average density of mosquito is 43.46 mosquitoes per man per hour. （4）1886 flies are captured in total, belonging to 20 species, 15genera, 4 families. And the annual average density of fly is 39.29 flies per cage. （5）15 cockroaches are captured, belonging to 2 species,2 genera, 1 family of 15. The annual average density of cockroach was 0.03 cockroaches per box. （6） 1 Culicoides（Beltranmyia） arakawai was captured . Conclusion The density of medical vector in the Jinjiang, Quanzhou land port meets the national standard, in addition to the rats, mosquitoes and flies. Rats have a higher positive rate of carrying epigones and Hantaviruses, so prevention measures should be strengthen to prevent infectious diseases.