作为记忆形象的多余人——俄罗斯文学与文化记忆

Superfluous Man as a Memory Image:Russian Literature and Cultural Memory

多余人是俄罗斯文学中知识分子的典型形象。从记忆形象来思考多余人,无疑会加深对俄罗斯文学长廊中多余人形象的认识。俄罗斯文学中多余人形象的出现总是与俄罗斯社会变革和文化转型的预兆紧密相关。俄罗斯知识分子中大批对暗潮涌动的时代风云先知先觉而又无能力成为弄潮儿之人,使奥涅金和利扎文等成为一代代多余人,而且一代比一代更具悲剧性和荒诞性。

Superfluous man is one of the intelligentsia＇ s typical images in Russian literature. From the perspective of mem- ory image, a study of this type can deepen our understanding of the entire group in Russian literature. Usually the appear- ance of these men in Russian literature is closely related to the omen of Russian social changes and cultural transformations. Those persons who can feel the pulse of upheavals but cannot participate in them have become superfluous, as is the case with Onegin, Lizavin, and other similar figures. Their fate could only become more tragic and absurd than their predecessors.