银杏外种皮EGBE的制备研究

Studies on Preparation of Extract from Ginkgo biloba Exotesta

银杏外种皮中酚酸类有效成分对作物病虫害具明显抑制作用。中国银杏外种皮资源丰富,为了便于其开发利用,本研究于银杏种实采收期收集并洁净外种皮,经自然干燥后,分别进行溶剂类型、溶剂浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取温度等单因素优化提取试验,明确银杏外种皮提取物EGBE得率高达44.87%的提取制备优化体系为:料液比1:20(g:mL)、80%乙醇溶液、40℃条件下超声提取30 min。经HPLC检测,该得率的EGBE中银杏酸含量相应高达13.25%。研究结果不仅为病虫害防治提供了银杏酸含量较高的EGBE,而且为银杏外种皮的高效利用提供了EGBE制备的优化体系与技术。

The resources of Ginkgo biloba exotesta, in which the phenolic acids have obvious inhibitory effect on crop diseases and insect pests, are rich in our country. In order to facilitate the development and utilization of these resources, in this study, we made a one-factor experimental design of solvent type, solvent concentration, ratio of material to liquid, extraction time and extraction temperature etc. respectively, for optimization of preparation system of extract of Ginkgo biloba exotesta（EGBE）. Before this, the exotesta was collected when Ginkgo seeds were harvested, then was cleaned and naturally dried. The results indicated that EGBE with yield of up to 44.87%, in which ginkgolic acids were up to 13.25%, could be extracted and prepared by the optimized system including 80% ethanol, solid-liquid ratio of 1：20（g：mL）, ultrasonic extraction under the condition of 40℃ for 30 min. The above results not only provide EGBE with higher content of ginkgolic acids for prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, but also provide optimized system and techniques of EGBE preparation for efficient utilization of Ginkgo biloba exotesta.