栎空腔瘿蜂自然种群生命表的组建与分析

Construction and Analysis of Life Table in Natural Population of Oak Gall Wasp Trichagalma glabrosa

栎空腔瘿蜂是栓皮栎重要害虫,近几年来在林州爆发成灾,为定量描述栎空腔瘿蜂的种群数量动态,通过组建栎空腔瘿蜂自然种群平均生命表,研究了种群自然消长规律。结果表明,虫瘿败育为该种群的关键死亡因子,虫瘿初始期为关键死亡虫期。控制作用中,各类因子由高到底的顺序为:寄生>虫瘿败育>食叶昆虫取食>不明因素。各时期由高到底的顺序为:成熟期>成长期>初始期>卵期。虫瘿初始期的气候条件是决定虫瘿数量的关键因子,天敌是影响影响栎空腔瘿蜂自然种群的重要因子。种群趋势指数I=2.34>1,种群呈发展趋势;其存活曲线属于C型。

Trichagalma glabrosa is an important pest of cork oak. In recent years,outbreaks of Trichagalma glabrosa have caused great damages to cork oak forests and ecological environment in Liuzhou（Henan Province）. In order to study dynamic population of Trichagalma glabrosa, the life table of Trichagalma glabrosa population was constructed. The results showed that： gall abortion was the key factor affecting the natural populations, and the initial period of galls was the key death stage. The order of death factors was：parasitism〉gall abortion〉leaf-eating insect feeding〉unknown factor. The order of development stages was： galls mature stage〉galls growing〉galls initial stage〉pupal stage. This indicated that Climatic changes during galls initial stage was the key factor affecting population, parasitism was the most important control factor. The population trend index I was 2.34〉 1, and the population showed an increasing trend.