栝楼组织培养研究

Study on Tissue Culture of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim

为解决籽用栝楼高品质种苗的不足,选用无毒、结籽率高并生长健壮的栝楼植株为材料,进行组织快繁。通过对栝楼不同外植体的选取、消毒方法、愈伤组织诱导、丛生芽诱导、继代和试管苗生根等相关条件研究,探讨栝楼组织快繁的技术方法。结果表明：以雌性栝楼4—5月萌生的栝楼芽适宜做外植体,外植体用75%乙醇30 s,无菌水冲洗3次,0.31%ClO2处理5 min,无菌水冲洗4～5次效果好。适宜芽诱导的培养基为MS＋1 mg/L6-BA＋0.3 mg/LNAA;继代培养基为MS＋0.3 mg/L6-BA＋0.1 mg/LNAA和MS＋0.4 mg/L6-BA＋0.2 mg/LNAA;栝楼根诱导培养基为MS＋0.1mg/LIBA和MS＋0.1mg/LNAA。

In order to resolve the insufficient quantity of high quality seeding of Trichosanthes kirilowii, virus-free, higher seed setting and strong sprouts were selected as explants in tissue culture. In this paper, the technology of tissue culture was studied, including the selection and sterile techniques of the explants, different explant callus induction and buds induction and proliferation, root induction of tube plantlets of T. kirilowii.The main results showed that： buds germinated from the roots of female T. kirilowii between April and May were suitable for tissue culture explants. Explants were immersed in 75% ethanol for 30 s, washed by sterile water three times, then immersed in 0.31% ClO2 for 5 min and washed by sterile water 4-5 times again had a better result. The MS medium with different plant growth regulators for buds induction was MS＋ 1 mg/L 6-BA＋0.3 mg/L NAA, MS＋ 0.3 mg/L 6-BA＋ 0.1 mg/L NAA and MS＋ 0.4 mg/L 6-BA＋ 0.2 mg/L NAA were suitable for propagation, MS＋ 0.1 mg/L IBA and MS＋ 0.1 mg/L NAA were suitable for roots induction in T. kirilowii tissue culture.