隶属函数法综合评价灌溉量对‘骏枣’水分利用率及果实品质影响

Comprehensive Effect Evaluation of Irrigation Volume on the Water Use Efficiency and Fruit Quality of Zizyphus jujuba ‘Junzao' by Subordinate Function

为研究灌溉量对水分利用率及果实品质的影响,在分析7年生‘骏枣’生育期不同灌溉处理耗水量的基础上,探讨滴灌条件下不同处理的灌水量对‘骏枣’水分利用率、果实性状、产量及品质的影响,确定典型干旱沙漠区适宜红枣生长的土壤水分下限。结果表明:(1)当土壤含水量保持在田间最大持水量65%时,灌水生产效率和水分利用率均最高。(2)灌溉后土壤含水量下限控制在田间持水量的55%时,产量最高。(3)在一定范围内,灌水量越少,果实可溶糖含量越高,果品等级越高。(4)应用隶属函数值法综合评价相关指标对灌溉量的应用效果表明,在干旱沙漠区‘骏枣’的土壤含水量应控制在田间持水量的65%左右,既能保证红枣生长发育过程中对水分的生理需求,又能使灌水生产率达到最大、红枣的品质最佳。

The paper aims to study the effect of irrigation volume on water use efficiency and fruit quality of Zizyphus jujuba‘Junzao＇under drip irrigation. Analyzing water consumption of the 7 years old Zizyphus jujuba‘Junzao＇under different irrigation volume, the author discussed effect of different irrigation volume on fruit character, yield and quality by drip irrigation, and determined low limit of soil moisture content which was suitable for Zizyphus jujuba‘Junzao＇growing in typical arid desert area. The result indicated：（1） the production efficiency and water use efficiency of irrigation reached the highest when the soil moisture content was about 65% of the field water holding capacity;（2） the highest yield could be obtained when the low limit ofsoil moisture content controlled as 55% of the field water holding capacity;（3） within certain range, the less the irrigation volume, the higher the soluble sugar content and the fruit quality level;（4） comprehensive evaluation of the effect indexs of correlation on irrigation volume by subordinate function showed that, when the soilmois ture content was controlled at about 65% of the field water holding capacity, water demand in the growthand development of Zizyphus jujuba‘Junzao＇could be ensured, and maximum production efficiency of irrigation and the best quality of fruit could be achieved in arid desert area.