新疆地方梨品种抗寒性评价

Evaluation on Cold Resistance of Land Race Pears in Xinjiang

为新疆地方梨品种栽培及选育、鉴定抗寒品种提供科学理论依据,以25份新疆地方梨品种的1年生枝条为试验材料,通过不同低温(-18、-21、-24、-27、-30℃)处理,测定不同低温处理枝条电解质外渗率、丙二醛、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸含量,并利用相关性分析和隶属函数法对25份新疆地方梨品种的生理生化进行了测定比较和抗寒性评价。结果表明,随着温度的下降,枝条的电解质外渗率呈上升趋势;丙二醛含量总体上均有上升的趋势,部分品种的丙二醛含量先上升后降低趋势;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸呈先上升后降低趋势。25份新疆地方梨品种的抗寒性由强到弱排序为:‘艾温切可’>‘霍城句句梨’>‘霍城八月梨’>‘褐色句句梨’>‘句句梨’>‘轮台句句梨’>‘伊宁晚杜霞梨’>‘沙02’>‘阿克苏句句梨’>‘株选1号’>‘红香梨’>‘大果奎克阿木特’>‘沙01’>‘绿梨’>‘黑酸梨’>‘耐西普特’>‘库尔勒香梨’>‘新梨七号’>‘莎车冬香梨’>‘沙03’>‘奎克阿木特1号’>‘库车阿木特’>‘可克阿木特2号’>‘库尔勒黄酸梨’>‘莎车晚红香’。

In order to provide a scientific basis for cultivation, breeding and identification of cold varieties of land race pears in Xinjiang, 25 kinds of land race pears were taken as the experimental materials, electrolyte（REC）, malondialdehyde（MDA）, soluble protein, soluble sugar and free proline（Pro） contents as well as other physiological indices under the low temperature stress（-18,-21,-24,-27 and-30℃） were measured, and comprehensive evaluation of the cold-resistance of 25 kinds of land race pears was conducted by correlation analysis and subordinate function. The results showed that： REC increased with low temperature stress, the MDA content level had an overall increasing trend; MDA content in some varieties were increased at the beginning and then decreased. The soluble protein, soluble sugar and Pro content levels increased first and then decreased. According to the method of subordinate function and the subordinate function values, the cold resistance of 25 kinds of land race pears were as follows： Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Aiwenqieke＇〉 Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Huochengjujuli＇〉 Pyrus bretshneideri‘Huochengbayueli＇〉 Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Hesejujuli＇〉Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Jujuli＇ 〉Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Luntaijujuli＇ 〉Pyrus communis‘Yiningwanduxiali＇〉Pyrus bretshneideri‘Sha02＇〉 Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Akesujujuli＇〉 Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Zhuxuanyihao＇〉Pyrus communis‘Hongxiangli＇ 〉Pyrus communis‘Daguokuikeamute＇ 〉Pyrus bretshneideri‘Sha01＇〉Pyrus sinkiangensis‘lvli＇〉 Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Heisuanli＇ 〉Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Naixipute＇ 〉Pyrus bretshneideri‘Kuerlexiangli＇ 〉Pyrus bretshneideri‘xinliqihao＇〉Pyrus communis‘shachedongxiangli＇〉Pyrus bretshneideri‘Sha03＇ 〉Pyrus communis‘Kukeamuteyihao＇ 〉Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Kucheamute＇〉Pyrus communis‘Kekeamuteerhao＇〉 Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Kuerlehuangsuanli＇ 〉Pyrus sinkiangensis ‘Shachewanhongxiang＇.