城市化背景下的小城市景观格局变化分析——以浙江省乐清市为例

Landscape Pattern Change of Small City at the Background of Urbanization: The Case of Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province

中小城市是今后吸纳城市化人口的重要组分,理解其格局与过程对城市可持续发展至关重要。景观格局的时空变化是探索城市化驱动力、城市化对环境—经济—社会影响的基础。研究基于景观生态学原理,利用长三角小城市——乐清市2005年—2009年连续五年的土地利用类型矢量数据,分析各年份土地利用变化,并运用Arc GIS内嵌Patch Analysis软件进行景观格局指数计算,从斑块类型水平和景观水平对景观格局变化进行了分析。结果显示,在斑块类型水平上,五年间建设用地面积大幅增加,其他用地类型破碎化程度加剧,?本连通度较高的林地越来越分散。在景观水平上,景观结构趋于破碎化,斑块形状更加复杂,将此结果与全球多个中小城市进行比较,这为研究城市化驱动下生态系统功能变化提供基础信息与依据。

Small＆medium-sized cities play an important part in absorbing urbanites. Understanding the patterns and processes of these cities is crucial for sustainable development. Landscape spatiotemporal pattern change is the basis of exploring ＂driving forces of urbanization＂ and ＂urbanization impacts on environment-economy-society＂. By applying the theory of landscape ecology and analyzing the land use data （format： vector） of Yueqing City （a small city in Yangtze River Delta） from 2005 to 2009, the research calculated the land use change, and studied the landscape pattern change at class level and landscape level by using Patch Analysis software in ArcGIS platform. The results showed that, at class level, the area of built-up area grew drastically, the degree of fragmentation of other land use types increased, and the strong-connectivity of forest became dispersing within five years. At landscape level, the degree of fragmentation, and patch shape complexity both increased, which was compared with other small＆medium-sized cities globally. These findings provide useful information for studying ecosystem functions change under the driving force of urbanization.