非规则形态古城的诞生与演变研究——以云南丽江大研古城为例

Origin and Evolution of Irregular Shaped Ancient Towns:A Case Study of Lijiang Ancient Town, Yunnan Province

该文以云南丽江古城为例,探讨非规则形态古城的诞生与演变过程。在现有史料文献的基础上,结合笔者发现并整理的最早的丽江航拍图,用图解将古城各个历史阶段的特征进行抽象概括,并分析大研古城的城市肌理特征。由统治阶层刻意规划的丽江古城呈现出非规则自然形态特征,兼具法国学者Pierre Lavedan归纳的两种城市类型特征。这一特征源于尊重自然环境的当地文化,城市形态随机演化以适应城市的多种功能需求。

Taking the example of Lijiang ancient town, we review the birth and the evolution of the urban form of this ancient town. Based on the existing historical data and the earliest aerial photo of Dayan town, four schematic diagrams are drawn to depict each historical stage of its urban evolution. In parallel, the ancient city＇s urban texture and features are analyzed. Planned by the local government, Lijiang ancient town shows an irregular spatial pattern, featuring the two urban characteristics defined by Pierre Lavedan. In the case of Lijiang, this urban feature owes a lot to the local culture, which worships the nature. The urban shape evolves to adapt to the various urban functions.