我国农村地区高胆固醇血症患病情况分析

Prevalence,Awareness,and Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia among Rural Residents in China

目的了解我国农村居民高胆固醇血症(HC)的患病、知晓及治疗情况。方法 2013年到2014年期间,在全国4个县进行了心血管病危险因素调查,实际入选5402人,有效数据4982人。利用该资料计算我国35岁农村居民HC的患病、知晓及治疗率。结果本调查发现我国35岁以上农村居民胆固醇边缘升高率为20.49%,HC的患病率为8.07%,知晓率为6.74%,治疗率为12.44%。HC的患病和知晓率均随着年龄的增加而升高。吸烟、肥胖及轻体力活动人群的HC患病率较高(P<0.05);吸烟、超重、中度体力活动及家庭收入较低的人群知晓率较低(P<0.05)。重度体力活动、超重及肥胖人群的治疗率较高(P<0.05)。多因素分析发现年龄,性别,体质指数,高血压及糖尿病与HC的患病相关。结论我国35岁以上农村居民HC患病率呈上升趋势,而知晓率和治疗率很低,亟待采取相应干预策略降低血脂水平,减少心脑血管疾病的发生。

Objective To analysis the prevalence,awareness,and treatment of hypercholesterolemia （HC） among rural residents in China.Methods 5402 populations were examined with international standardized examination and measurement through 2013 to 2014.4982 participants were included for analysis.The prevalence,awareness,and treatment of HC were analyzed.Results The marginal increase rate of HC in rural residents aged 35 or more was 20.49％ and the prevalence of HC was 8.07％,the awareness was 6.74％,and treatment was 12.44％.With the increase of age,the prevalence and awareness also increased.the group with smoking,obesity and light activities had high prevalence （P ＜ 0.05）,group with smoking,overweight,moderate activities had low awareness （P ＜ 0.05）,group with severe activities,overweight and obesity had high treatment （P ＜ 0.05）.Multivariate analysis found that HC was related with age,gender,body mass index,hypertension and diabetes.Conclusions The prevalence of HC in rural residents aged 35 and over is increasing,while the awareness and treatment is low.Measures were needed to reduce blood lipid levels and the incidence of the cardiovascular diseases.