大数据时代数据犯罪的制裁思路

An Approach to Sanctioning Data Crimes in the Age of Big Data

在大数据时代,数据成为网络的核心要素,数据范围向横向聚合与纵向深化,云计算平台成为数据挖掘的技术资源。技术变革引发刑法新的关切点,现行刑法中"数据"的范围在纵向和横向两个方面显现出时代局限性和滞后性。为解决这一问题,司法解释尝试以技术性关键词为扩张解释对象,司法实践也开始探索对数据内容的扩充。但是,由于解释观察点的错位,过于重视数据的空间性而忽略本体性,造成案件定性的困扰。大数据时代数据犯罪的制裁体系的建构,应当以数据与信息的本质差异为区分点,明确以技术资源为保护对象的内容与边界,重视多端点的数据来源和聚合性的数据应用,实现从数据到具体法益的"着陆",明确对数据的非物权保护模式。通过严厉严密的制裁数据犯罪的罪名体系,构筑保障信息时代国家安全的法律屏障。

In the age of big data,data have become the core factor in networks and data scale has moved toward horizontal convergence and vertical deepening,with cloud computing platforms becoming a technological resource for data mining.Technological change has triggered new concerns for criminal law,though the data scale in current criminal law is backward and out of date in terms of vertical and horizontal trends.To solve this problem,judicial interpretation has attempted to use technology keywords to expand the items subject to interpretation,and judicial practice has also started to explore the expansion of data content.Nevertheless,due to the misdirection of the observation point from which interpretations are made,overvaluing the spatial character of data and overlooking their value as things in themselves creates difficulties in the determination of criminal cases.Construction of a system for sanctioning data crimes in the age of big data should distinguish between data and information on the basis of their essential differences,define the content and boundaries of technological resources as the subject of protection,value multi-endpoint data resources and convergent data applications,touch down from data to specific legal interests,and define a model for protection of the non-real right of data.A rigorous system of tough sanctions for data crimes will enable us to build a legal barrier to guarantee national security in the information age.