人文主义的逆袭:大卫·洛奇小说诗学理论

The Return of Humanism: David Lodge's Poetics of Novels

大卫·洛奇是当今英国著名的小说家和文学批评家。在为现代小说和现实主义进行辩护的过程中,洛奇逐渐发展并完善了关于小说的系统诗学。首先,洛奇为小说家的身份进行辩护,认为巴特所说的"作者已死"其实并不真切;其次,洛奇为小说的意义和功能进行辩护,并指出小说作为一种对话性、民主性的文体所体现的人文价值;最后,洛奇对小说中的时间、历史、语言以及模仿的有效性进行辩护,认为现实主义小说能够如实地、艺术地再现人们外在和内在的生活经历,是能够体念人们生命意义与人文价值的重要艺术形式。

David Lodge is a renowned British novelist and literary critic. In his defense of modem novel and realism, he gradually established his systematic poetics of the novel. First, Lodge came to the defense of the identity of novelists, believing what Barthes held to be ＂the death of author＂ as something flawed in nature. Second, Lodge spoke in defense of the value and the function of novels, claiming that the humanistic value was embodied in the dialogic and democratic nature of the novel as a genre. Finally, Lodge justified the validity of time, history, language and imitation as found in the novel, believing that realistic novels can realistically and artistically represent human experience, both inside and outside, and that realistic novels are important form of art that can take into account the meaning of life and the value of human.