司法改革背景下的刑事和解——刑事司法文明的第三种模式

Criminal Reconciliation in the Context of Judicial Reform——The third Model of Criminal Judicial Civilization

司法改革背景下的刑事和解,兴起于东方经验,继承了古代司法文明"和合"思想,继承了马锡五审判方式"以人为本、司法为民、调判结合"的司法文明理念,继承了浙江枫桥和龙泉地区"以和为贵"思想与浙江"枫桥经验";借鉴了西方经验,吸收了辩诉交易制度的精髓,并融合了恢复性司法理论的有益经验。从地方试点到中央立法,刑事和解逐步确立,刑事司法文明的第三种模式逐渐形成。刑事司法文明也由传统的"二元"模式逐渐转型为"三元"模式,即"诉讼文明—程序文明—刑事和解",第三种模式以对受害者利益保护为中心,追求被害者、加害者和社会整体利益"三赢"的诉讼模式,恢复被破坏的社会关系,最终迈向一种"和合型"刑事司法文明。

The concept of criminal reconciliation in the context of judicial reform originated in the Eastem experience. It is a reflection of the judicial concept from the Ma Xi - wu trial mode that is ＂people - oriented, justice for the people and reconciliation combined with sentence＂. It is also an inheritance of the thought of ＂harmony＂ and Fengqiao experience with Fengqiao and Longquan areas of Zhejiang province. Besides, it has absorbed the essence of the plea bargaining system and the useful experi- ence of restorative justice theory of the West. From a local pilot to the central legislation, criminal reconciliation, the third mode of criminal judicial civilization, is being established gradually. And the traditional dual - mode transformed into triple - mode, that is, ＂litigation civilization - procedure civilization - criminal reconciliation＂. With the protection of the interests of the victims as its center, the third mode pursues three - wins among the victim, the offender and the overall interests of society in order to restore the damaged social relations and advance ultimately to a ＂harmony- based＂ criminal justice civilization.