情态证据排除论——以测谎证据为比较视角

On the Exclusion of Demeanor Evidence——From A comparative angle of Lie-Detection Evidence

情态是提供口头证据者在陈述时外显的各种下意识反应和活动。微表情属于情态证据。通过与测谎证据的比较,发现两者皆立基于"说谎→心理→生理"的心理—生理学假定,其功能都是揭露谎言,两者构成"从经验到科学"的证据谱系。由于测谎证据面临价值困境与科学困境,故更不科学的情态证据应当排除。"科学"与"价值"两个维度,可成为确定证据是否适用排除规则的"元方法"。

Demeanor evidence are various extrinsic and obvious subconscious activities and reactions of someone when he is providing his testimony. The micro-expression are belong to the demeanor evidence. By comparison with the lie-detection evidence, both kinds of evidence are based on the same psychologyphysiology hypothesis, that is , lying can lead to psychological changes ,and psychological changes can lead to physiological changes. Both kinds of evidence＇function are exposing lies, and both constitute an evidence pedigree of ＂from experience to the scientific＂. Because the lie-detection evidence are facing the value and scientific dilemmas, so the less scientific demeanor evidence should be excluded. Dimensions of ＂value＂ and ＂ science＂, could be used as a ＂ meta-method＂ of evidence should be excluded or not.