二战期间美国对印度自决的政策

The Policy of the U.S.toward the Indian Self-determination in the Second World War

太平洋战争爆发后,美国对英国殖民地印度的热情陡然上升。美国同情和支持印度的自决。为促使印度支持盟国的反法西斯战争,美国力促英国让步,并希望英国按照美国的榜样给予印度自由。然而,美国的两次努力均为英国拒绝。对美英关系可能恶化的担心,以及对印度国大党不妥协态度的不满,使美国最终停止了努力。美国对印度自决的态度经历了从积极支持到有限支持直至最终停止的过程,美国的非殖民主义在印度的实践反映了美国支持印度自决的政策底线,其意识形态诉求受制于它更高远的战略目标,这预示了美国战后在其他地区自决问题上的政策选择。

After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the U. S. enthusiasm for Indian self-determination rose dramatically, in order to urge the Indian to support the allied country,President F. D. Roosevelt encouraged the U. K. to give India free according to its example. However, the exertion was denied by the U. K. several times. In view of the worry about the deterioration of the relations between the two countries and the dissatisfcation with the leaders of the Indian National Congress Party, President Roosevelt ceased his struggle finally, it is quite clear that, by the transformation of US Policy,the U. S. Indian policy is subject to its strategic goals of the Second World War. That Indicates the U. S. colonialism policy choices in other areas during the post-war period.