大学生的人际归因倾向、网络交往动机与网络人际关系成瘾的关系研究

Relationships among Interpersonal Attribution,Online Communication Motives and Cyber-relationship Addiction of College Students

随着网络的日益普及,网络交往已成为一种新的人际交往方式,但与此同时网络人际关系成瘾的问题也日益凸显。本研究旨在探讨大学生的人际归因倾向、网络交往动机与网络人际关系成瘾的关系,使用问卷法对447名大学生的调查结果发现:(1)人际关系的内外归因倾向和网络交往动机都呈显著正相关,但只有人际关系外归因倾向和网络人际关系成瘾呈显著正相关。(2)网络交往动机在人际关系外归因倾向对网络人际关系成瘾的影响中起部分中介作用。

According to the 32th statistical report of CNNIC, the number of intemet users in China has reached 546 million and the penetration rate of internet in China has reached 42.1% by the end of june, 2012; and student group is still the mian force of Chinese internet users. With the popularity of Interact, online communication expands the scope of interpersonal interaction by breaking .up the constraints of time and space, and it has become a new way of interpersonal interaction gradually. The young internet users under the age of 25 are very active in online communication, and their usage rate in instant messaging, micro-blog, social networking sites and personal space are 86%, 61.6%, 57.7% and 71.9%, which are all higher than that of the whole China＇s internet users. Online communication provides a necessarily supplementary way to interact with others, which maintains the relationships in real life, increases social capital and promotes individual＇s social adaptation and happiness. But excessive dependence on online communication, namely cyber- relationship addiction, would damage the the relationships in real life, and bring great harm to individual＇s physical and mental health. The present study was to investigate the impact of inter-personal attribution on cyber-relationship addiction in order to provide empirical evidence and support for cultivating healthy and reasonable online communication activities among college students. And a survey had been conducted to examine the relationship among interpersonal attribution, online communication motives and cyber-relationship addiction of college students, under the framework of Cognitive-behavioral Model, together with the ＂Use and Gratification＂ theory and the Psychological Decompensation Hypothesis. The participants were 447 college students; and three questionnaires were used in this study： inter-personal attribution part of MMCS includes 24 items using a 5-point Likert scoring from 0-5, and four subscales, namely ability, effort, luck and scenario, this scale also proposed two attribution tendencies： inner attribution and outer attribution; online communication motives scale includes 15 items using a 5-point Likert scoring from 1-5, and four dimensions, namely seeking friendships, seeking romantic relationship, social compensation and escaping from the reality; the cyber-relationship addiction part of internet addiction scale includes 6 items using a 5-point Likert scoring from 1-5. The results indicated that： （1） The inner and outter tendency of pesonal attribution were both positively correlated with online communication motives, but only outter tendency was positively correlated with cyber-relationship addiction. （2） The effect of the outter tendency of personal attribution on cyber-relationship addiction was partly mediated by online communication motives. The results first indicate that： though people treat internet as a new way of interpersonal interaction, only those with poor interpersonal relationships are proned to immersed in online communication; the ＂Use and Gratification＂ theory and the Psychological Decompensation Hypothesis can be embedded in the Cognitive-behavioral Model theoretically to explains the mechanism of non-adaptive cognitive＇s impact on intemet addiction. At the same time, this result also provides a good inspiration to the prevention and correction of cyber-relationship addiction. Firstly, the attribution, as a cognitive tendency, can be intervened and corrected, so we can prevente and intervene cyber-relationship addiction by correctting the poor interpersonal attribution tendencies; secondly, we can reduce the level of online communication motives and the possibility of cyber-relationship addiction by metting individual＇s needs better in real life.