中国国际环境合作捐资现状分析与出资分配机制设计分析

International Environmental Cooperation of China and Preliminary Design of Future Financial Mechanism for Replenishment

作为发展中国家,中国长期以来积极参与多边环境合作,在解决自身发展问题的同时,致力于全球环境保护工作,并基于自愿、按照自身能力捐资。但随着世界格局的变化和中国经济的飞速发展,要求中国在相关环境公约下承担出资义务的呼声渐高,中国在国际环境合作中面临新困境。对近20年来中国在参与国际多边环境合作中的捐资情况进行了系统总结,并结合经济发展、教育、性别平等、医疗、公共卫生、基础建设、人均碳排放水平等各领域指标,与较发达工业国家、其他基础四国、GDP相近国家等处在不同发展阶段国家进行了比较,运用主成分分析法和K-means聚类算法对36个国家进行了综合发展评估。未来若可结合相关综合指标科学设计出资分配机制,将有助于全球环境和气候变化领域国际合作的深入开展。

As a developing country, besides dealing with its own development issues, China has been participating inmultilateral cooperation to work on global environmental protection and voluntarily making donations within its capacityfor years. With the continuous change of the world pattern and the rapid development of China＇s economy, voice hasrisen that China should raise its contributions and which should be legally regulated under environmental Conventions.China is faced with new dilemma. This article Conducts an analysis and comparison on historical financial contributions,especially to the environment and climate change, by China and several other countries selected from three developmentlevels （former G8 countries, the BASIC countries an and countries with similar per capita GDP as China）; And examinesthe comprehensive development evaluation of 36 countries and per capital carbon emission level by using PrincipalComponent Analysis and K-means cluster analysis. A reasonable, convention endorsed financial contribution-sharingmechanism may be further designed based on this study.