浅析伦比德的非洲主义思想

An Analysis of Lembede's Africanism Philosophy

安东·姆兹瓦克·伦比德是南非非国大青年联盟的首任主席,他提出了南非第一个系统的非洲人民族主义思想——非洲主义思想。非洲主义思想的主要内容包括非洲是黑人的国度、非洲人应重拾自信、非洲人必须自立、非洲人应结成一个民族。非洲主义思想具有思想启蒙的作用,成为非洲人向命运抗争的强大思想动力,并开启了南非民族主义者用理论武装其斗争的新时代,伦比德还以为南非民族解放而献身的精神为南非民族主义者树立了榜样。但伦比德反对共产党,反对与白人进步分子合作,反对与有色人和印度人结成统一阵线,这些过激的观点不但不利于在反抗白人种族统治的过程中团结一切可以团结的力量,还向非洲人传达了一种黑人"种族主义"的偏见。

Anton Lembede was the first president of the ANC Youth League. He was the first to systematically articulate Africanism, South Africa＇ s philosophy of African nationalism. The philosophy of Africanism＇ s main component ideas include the fact that Africa is a Blackman＇s country; that Africans must regain their lost self- confidence; that Africans should be self- reliant; and that Africans should be united into one nation. The philosophy of Africanism played a very important role of enlightening Africans, provided a powerful motive forces for Africans to fight against miserable destiny, and opened a new era in which the South African nationalist used the theories to arm their struggles. Moreover, because of the spirit of the struggle for the cause of freedom and liberation of South Africa, Lembede turned out to be a role model for African people to learn from. However, Lembede was opposed to the Communist Party, was opposed to cooperation with White progressives, and was opposed to the formation of united front with Coloreds and Indians. These radical views were not only the obstacles to unite all forces that could be united in the process of the struggle against White racial rule, but also conveyed a kind of Black ＂racist＂ bias.