国际化战略是否有助于企业提高绩效——基于Meta回归技术的多重误设定偏倚分析

Whether International Strategy Will Help Firms Improve Their Performance

国际化战略是否有助于企业提高绩效?对于这个全球战略研究领域的焦点问题,不同观点的争议由来已久:两者之间为正相关、负相关、倒U形、U形、水平S形、N形关系,甚至不相关。本文采用定量文献研究的Meta回归技术方法,以企业绩效对国际化的回归系数为效应量,应用64篇重要文献中的176个样本观测值,从多个层面、多重角度对此争议问题进行了透彻的原因分析。通过对影响国际化—企业绩效实证研究结果的全面系统误设定偏倚考察及14个相关假设的检验,本文从样本企业特征、变量操作特征、研究方法特征、文献发表特征四个层面,获得了一系列有价值的调节因素发现:正是这些调节因素在各研究中的纳入不同和作用不同,导致了国际化与企业绩效关系结果产生了种种差异。这一发现能够更为有效地解释国际化—企业绩效的内在关系机制,并提供Meta回归技术研究的参考框架。

Whether international strategy will help firms improve their performance？ It is a focus question in the global strategic management field, and there are long-standing disputes among different viewpoints： The relationship between internationalization and firm performance is positive linear, negative linear, inverted U-shaped, U-shaped, horizontal S-shaped, N-shaped, or even irrelevant. In this paper we use a quantitative literature research approach Meta-regression to address this debate. We use the regression coefficient as effect size, utilizing 64 important relevant papers, involving 176 effect size observations, and conducting a thorough study from multiple levels and multiple perspectives for this controversial issue. We investigate systemetically the mis-specialization bias influencing this relationship. After testing 14 hypotheses we obtain many valuable moderating factors from four aspects： sample firms, variable features, research methods and literature characteristics. This result can better illustrate the inner internationalization-performance mechanism, and give a reference variable framework for Meta- regression studies.