知识产权“利润剥夺”损害赔偿请求权基础研究

The Claiming Right Basis for the Compensation of Deprivation of Profits concerning Intellectual Property

利润剥夺作为知识产权侵权损害赔偿的一种赔偿方式,其请求权基础存在着疑问,由此产生了不同的路径安排模式。利润剥夺并入侵权损害赔偿请求权的路径将"侵权获利"推定为"实际损害"缺乏合理的理论基础;利润剥夺的前提是侵权行为成立,但在侵权法框架下无法以不当得利返还作为救济方式,并且从侵权获利中区分出不当得利在计算上难以实现;无因管理旨在维护公序良俗,与利润剥夺的预防功能无法契合;利润剥夺独立说缺乏充分的必要性以及合理的法理基础。利润剥夺应并入法定赔偿,作为确定赔偿额的影响因素存在,从而发挥预防功能而又不带有惩罚性,且避免使权利人获得意外之财,符合全面赔偿原则和矫正正义的实质性要求。

As a compensation method, the deprivation of profits is questioned by its jurisprudence foundation and sev eral models emerge thereof. Where the infringing profits are presumed to be the actual losses, reasonable grounds are ab sent. Under the frame of infringement law, the deprivation of profits is unable to be considered as unjust enrichment. And it is impossible to differentiate the part of unjust enrichment from the whole part of the infringing profits. Negotiorum gestio meant to safeguard the public order, which is unable to connect with the deterrence aim of the deprivation of profits. The independence theory of the deprivation of profits lacks necessity as well as reasonable foundation. This paper proposes that the deprivation of profits shall be included into the statutory damages, so that the goals of deterrence and avoiding the occur fence of windfall may be reached and the fundamental requirements of the fully compensation doctrine and corrective jus tice.