2013年河南省肉鸡产业链中沙门菌污染状况调查

A survey on salmonella contamination in meat chicken industry chain in Henan province in 2013

目的了解河南省肉鸡孵化、养殖、屠宰环节及运输和销售全过程中沙门菌的污染状况。为肉鸡相关的食品安全风险评估及食源性疾病控制提供基础数据。方法采集种鸡养殖场、孵化场、肉鸡养殖场、肉鸡屠宰场、冷库及分销网点等五大环节的19类样本,共1 891份。按照GB4789.4-2010及《2013年河南省鸡专项作业指导书》进行沙门菌鉴定及血清学分型。依据微量半固体氯化镁孔雀绿最可能数方法(mini-MSRV MPN)进行沙门菌定量检测。结果 1 891份样本中共检出沙门菌657株,总检出率为34.74%。19类样本中褪毛后整禽样本检出率最高,为78.86%。检出的沙门菌阳性菌株分布于14个血清型别,其中以肠炎沙门菌最多,占80.21%。结论河南省肉鸡产业链中沙门菌污染严重,肉鸡的屠宰、分销环节存在较严重的交叉污染,相关部门应加强监管力度,以降低食品安全问题发生的可能。

Objective To learn the Salmonella contamination in hatching, breeding, slaughtering, transportation, and market- ing stages of meat chicken in Henan province, and provide relevant risk assessment of food safety and control of food - borne diseases with basic data. Methods 1 891 samples of 19 types were collected from breeder chicken farms, hatcheries, meat chicken farms, slaughter houses, cold storages, and distribution spots. Identification and serotyping of Salmonella were per- formed following GB4789.4 -2010 and Guide for chicken -specific operations in Henan province （2013）. Quantification of Sal- monella was conducted with the mini - modified semi solid rappaport vassiliadis most probable number （ mini - MSRV MPN） method. Results A total of 657 Salmonella strains were detected in these samples, registering a detection rate of 34.74%. Those with the highest detection rates among these 19 types of samples, reaching up to 78.86%, were defeathered whole chick- en carcasses. Of these strains detected, which belong to 14 serotypes, Salmonella enteritidis made a major part, taking up 80.21%. Conclusion Meat chicken industry chain in Henan Province is severely contaminated by Salmonella, and there ex- ists serious cross - contamination in slaughtering and marketing of meat chicken. It is of necessity for relevant authorities to strengthen supervision and administration over this issue to reduce the chance of food safety incidents.