地下水封洞库原油油气回收技术的分析与研究

Preliminary study on crude oil vapor recovery technology for underground rock cavern

以国内某大型地下水封洞库为例,介绍了原油油气回收技术的初步研究。分析了原油油气的性质和特点,比较国内外原油油气处理方式,为了节约能源、减少二氧化碳排放,建议采用油气回收方式来处理原油油气。根据原油油气排放量较大、浓度较低,并且含有一定量的甲烷、乙烷等轻烃的特点,综合比较目前常用的几种油气回收工艺方法,认为水封洞库项目原油油气回收不宜采用冷凝法和膜分离法,宜采用吸附+吸收(活性炭吸附、真空再生、原油吸收)方法。给出了该方法的吸收油量、切换时间、再生压力等主要工艺参数的确定方法,并介绍了吸附罐、吸收塔、真空泵等主要工艺设备以及关键仪表等的设计和选用。

Through a case study of large underground oil storage in rock caverns in China,the crude oil vapor recovery technology is introduced.The properties and characteristics of crude oil vapor are analyzed and several crude oil vapor treatment options are compared.The application of oil vapor recovery process is recommended to save energy consumption and minimize CO2 emission.The analysis and comparison of oil vapor recovery processes commonly applied in the industry conclude that it is appropriate to apply adsorption ＋ absorption （active carbon adsorption,vacuum regeneration,crude oil absorption） process instead of condensation process and membrane separation process for the crude oil vapor recovery of water sealed underground rock cavern.The determination methods of main process parameters like amount of adsorption oil,switching time,and regeneration pressure,etc are given.The main equipment such as adsorption tank,adsorption towers,vacuum pumps,etc as well as the design and selection of the key instruments are described.