蒙古族资源环保知识的传承与应用——兼论内蒙古牧区环境与发展的关系

On Inheritance and Application of the Nomadic and Ecological Knowledge of Mongolians:Also on the Environment and Development in Pastoral Areas in Inner Mongolia

立足于本土资源环境知识观和生活环境主义立场,结合近几年的田野工作和环境考察资料,在参阅相关文献记载后,全面讨论蒙古族资源环保知识的传承与应用问题,显然具有特殊的意义。首先,系统介绍蒙古族资源环保知识形成的自然环境基础,进而界定资源环保知识的定义、内涵和价值;其次,以牧区、半牧半农区域草地环境问题及相关环境政策相结合,透视传统文化内在机制对资源环保知识传承应用的有利条件和社会支撑,力求客观说明蒙古族资源环保知识技能的传承和应用,对当前生态建设的积极作用。最后,建议在生态环境全面恶化和正在进行生态移民的沙区和湿地地区,采取文化要素嫁接和科技引进方式,使资源环保知识整合到崭新高度,完善其综合社会功能,从而应对现代化条件下所诱发的各种资源与环境问题。

On the basis of the point view of the native ecological knowledge of the ecological anthro- pology and living environmentalism of the environmental sociology, reviewing related literature, this article makes an attempt to discuss the issue of the inheritance and application of the nomadic and ec- ological knowledge of Mongolians. First, the ecological environment in pastoral areas in Inner Mongo- lia and the characteristics of the environment are described in general. Second, the inner mechanism and traditional culture and its positive function are discussed. Third, cultural graft and introduction of science and technology are proposed.