还原普列汉诺夫的艺术起源论思想——《没有地址的信》的艺术起源论思想探析

Restoration of Plekhanov's Theory of the Origin of Art——A Study of His Theory in Unaddressed Letters

《没有地址的信》全书并没有出现"艺术起源于劳动"这样的语句。说普列汉诺夫论证和坚持了"艺术起源于劳动",这显然是后来的某些理论家主观地对《没有地址的信》里有关观点和材料进行加工改造的结果。只可以勉强地说,普列汉诺夫认为艺术起源于人类的功利活动。《没有地址的信》的写作目的重在宣传唯物史观和用唯物史观考察艺术的发展。普列汉诺夫表明单用"‘经济的’唯物主义"并不能圆满解决艺术的起源问题。《没有地址的信》隐约提示了艺术起源有"内因""外因"双重根源思路,艺术起源的内因是人的审美本性,外因是原始人类所处的环境和生活方式,等等。

Unaddressed Letters does not contain such expressions like 'Art originates from labor'. That Plekhanov demonstrates and insists on this idea is a conclusion of some theorists who subjectively remolded the ideas and materials in his book.We can only say Plekhanov thinks the origin of art is human utility activities. Unaddressed Letters aims to propagandize historical materialism and use it to study the development of art. Plekhanov shows that economic materialism can not arrive at a satisfactory resolusion. Unaddressed Letters hints at the dual origins of art: the internal origin is human aesthetic nature, and the external origin is the primitive people 's environment and way of life, etc.