基于多尺度数字地形定量分析的月球线性构造自动提取研究

Geomorphometric multi-scale analysis for the automatic detection of linear structures on the lunar surface

月球表面构造对于理解和重建月球地质构造演化具有重要意义,月岭、月溪等线性构造的形态及分布特征与月球内动力构造运动密切相关。极为有限的样品和难度极高的野外勘察使得遥感成为行星科学研究的最主要手段。中国、美国、日本、印度等国先后发射的多颗新型探月卫星获取了大量高质量数据,尤其是高分辨率的数字地形数据(DTM,Digital Terrain Model)。高分辨率的DTM为月球表面构造特征的自动提取带来了新的机遇与挑战。文中利用多种分辨率的DTM数据,基于多尺度数字地形定量分析方法,识别和提取月球表面的线性构造。使用的地形数据包括500m分辨率"嫦娥一号"激光高度计数据,100m分辨率LRO-WAC广角相机数据,60m分辨率的LRO-LOLA激光测距仪数据以及分辨率高达5m的LRO-NAC窄视角相机数据。文中使用地形曲率来识别月溪月岭等线性构造,并利用不同滑动窗口大小和阈值进行线性构造的自动提取。对研究区试验结果的定量分析表明,文中提出的基于地形曲率的月表线性构造自动提取方法是有效且可行的,其结果可为月球表面线性构造解译提供重要参考,提高构造解译时效性和精度。

Moon surface features have great significance in understanding and reconstructing the lunar geological evolution.Linear structures like rilles and ridges are closely related to the internal forced tectonic movement.The extremely rare availability of samples and the difficulty for field works make remote sensing the most important approach for planetary studies.New and advanced lunar probes launched by China,U.S.,Japan and India provide nowadays a lot of high-quality data,especially in the form of high-resolution Digital Terrain Models（DTMs）,bringing new opportunities and challenges for feature extraction on the moon.The aim of this study is to recognize and extract lunar features using geomorphometric analysis based on multi-scale parameters and multi-resolution DTMs.The considered digital datasets include CE-1-LAM（Chang＇E One,Laser Altimeter）data with resolution of 500m/pix,LRO-WAC（Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter,Wide Angle Camera）data with resolution of 100m/pix,LRO-LOLA（Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter,Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter）data with resolution of 60m/pix,and LRO-NAC（Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter,Narrow Angle Camera）data with resolution of 2-5 m/pix.We introduced landform curvature to recognize the linear structures including Rilles and Ridges.Different window scales and thresholds are considered for feature extraction.Quantitative analyses of the test results in the study area show that the automatic extraction method of linear structures based on landform curvature is effective and feasible;the results can provide important reference for the lunar surface linear structural interpretation and improve the structural interpretation efficiency and accuracy.