水氮耦合对烤烟生长发育的影响

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on the Growth and Development of Flue-cured Tobacco

[目的]为了寻找烤烟生长的最佳水肥耦合状态,达到以水促肥,提高肥料利用率的目的。[方法]分别设置补水、自然降和3个施氮梯度,以自然降水条件下不施肥为对照,研究水氮耦合对烤烟生长发育的影响。[结果]在补水+N 90 kg/hm2的水肥条件下,烤烟叶面积和最大叶长宽表现突出,说明较高的氮肥用量和适宜的土壤水分条件是提高作物对氮肥吸收的重要因素。补水可以提高氮肥利用率,不同水分、氮肥配合后,补水条件下60 kg/hm2施肥量的不同水分、氮肥配合效益最为明显,产值达到30 563.40元/hm2。[结论]适宜的水分供应可以很好地改善烟叶的化学成分,气候干旱、土壤水分不足成为限制烤烟生产的主要因素,旺长期补水,成熟期适时适量补水可以明显改善烟叶的化学成分,提高烟叶的内在质量。

[Objective] To find the optimum water and fertilizer coupling state for tobacco growth and increase fertilizer utilization rate.[Method] With the natural rainfall conditions and no fertilizer as control,effects of water and nitrogen coupling on the growth and development of flue cured tobacco were studied.[Result] Under the water and fertilizer condition of replenishment ＋ N 90 kg/hm2,tobacco leaf area and maxium leaf length and width has outstanding performance,indicating that higher nitrogen amount and approprite soil moisture conditions are important factors for improving nitrogen adsorption.Under the replenishment condition,60 kg/hm^2 has most obvious benefit,output value per mu is 30 563.40 CNY/hm^2.[Conclusion] Suitable water supply can well improve the chemical composition of tobacco leaves,dry climate,soil water shortage has become the main factors limiting production of flue-cured tobacco,vigorous growing period replenishment,maturity timely replenishment could obviously improve the chemical composition of tobacco leaf,improve the quality of tobacco.