川东南杂交糯高粱覆膜直播技术研究

Study on Plastic Film Mulching and Sowing Directly Technology of Hybrid Glutinous Sorghum in Southeast Sichuan

[目的]解决杂交糯高粱覆膜直播中品种选择和播种深度等相关技术问题,为覆膜直播的推广提供技术依据。[方法]采用裂区区组试验设计,以覆膜直播深度为主处理(覆膜直播深度为3、6、9 cm,记为A1、A2、A3,常规育苗移栽为对照记为A0),副处理为3个高粱品种(川糯粱1号为B1、泸糯12号为B2、泸糯8号为B3)。[结果]在几个品种中泸糯12号的倒伏率最低,川糯粱1号的出苗率最高,倒伏率和出苗率均随播种深度的增加而降低。泸糯12号3 cm深度直播和川糯粱1号6 cm深度直播的出苗率高且倒伏率低。覆膜直播可使杂交糯高粱的生育期显著缩短、株高显著增高,但播种深度对其生育期和株高均无明显影响。泸糯12号和川糯粱1号的生育期均较短、株高均较矮。川糯粱1号覆膜直播的产量最高,且显著高于其余两品种,也显著高于同期育苗移栽,但3种播种深度对产量无显著影响。[结论]川糯粱1号最适合覆膜直播,播种深度6 cm为最佳。

[Objective] The aim was to solve the correlation technology problems during plastic film mulching and sowing directly of hybrid glutinous sorghum,such as varieties selection and sowing depth,and to provide a technological basis for promotion of plastic film mulching and sowing directly.[Method] The split plot experiment design was used,and the main treatment was plastic film mulching depth （the plastic film mulching depth was 3,6,9 cm,resp.,marked for Al,A2,A3,conventional seedling transplanting was taking as control,marked for A0）,the deputy treatment was 3 sorghum varieties （Sichuan waxy sorghum No.1,Luzhou glutinous No.12 and Luzhou glutinous No.8 was marked for B1,B2,B3）.[Result] In three varieties,the lodging rate of Luzhou glutinous No.12 was the lowest,the emergence rate of Sichuan waxy sorghum No.1 was the highest,ant both the lodging rate and the emergence rate decreased with the increase of sowing depth.The emergence rate of Luzhou glutinous No.12 of sowing 3 cm depth directly and Sichuan waxy sorghum No.1 of sowing 6 cm depth directly were high and their lodging rate were low.Plastic film mulching and sowing directly made the growth period of hybrid glutinous sorghum obviously shortened,plant height increased significantly,while sowing depth had no significant effects on their growth period and plant height.The growth and plant height of Luzhou glutinous No.12 and Sichuan waxy sorghum No.1 were shorter.The yield of Sichuan waxy sorghum No.1 of plastic film mulching and sowing directly was the highest,and significantly higher than the other two varieties,significantly higher than the same period of seedling transplanting,but the three sowing depth had no significant effect on yield.[Conclusion] Sichuan waxy sorghum No.1 is most suitable for plastic film mulching and sowing directly,sowing depth of 6 cm is the best.