金堂县农村寄宿制小学学生膳食与营养状况调查

Dietary and Nutritional State of Boarding Students in Rural Area of Jintang County

目的了解金堂县农村寄宿制小学生的膳食与营养状况,为开展营养健康干预提供依据。方法随机抽取金堂县农村寄宿制小学5所,采用称重记账法对学校食堂进行为期5 d的膳食调查,同时测量学生的身高、体重,评价学生营养状况。结果金堂县农村寄宿制学校学生营养不良检出率较高,尤其生长迟滞率高达13.1%,同时超重肥胖合计率为14.7%,与全国水平相当。学校学生膳食结构不合理,摄入的蔬菜也多为浅色蔬菜,肉类品种单一,未提供奶类食物,膳食中油和盐使用量过多。学生膳食能量摄入基本足够,但蛋白质和维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素以及钙和锌不足。结论金堂县农村寄宿制学校学生营养不良检出率较高,应加强营养教育,指导学校营养配餐,改善小学校学生膳食营养健康状况。

Objective To investigate the dietary and nutritional status of boarding school students in rural area of Jintang county, and to provide references for the health and nutritional interventions.Methods Five primary schools were randomly selected in Jintang county. Dietary survey was conducted through 5 days with weighting and recording method in the school canteens The height and weight of the students were tested and nutrition status was evaluated. Results The prevalence of growth retardation was 13.1%,and the rate of overweight and obesity was 14.7%,which was at a comparative level to the national level. The dietary structure in all the schools was simple and unreasonable. The intake of vegetables was mostly light- colored vegetables. All the canteens supplied with a single species meat and with no milk. There was excessive amount of oil and salt in the diet. Students＇ dietary energy intake was basically enough, while the protein and vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin and calcium and zinc were inadequate. Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition in boarding school students in rural area of Jintang county is relatively high. Strengthened nutrition education and guidance on nutrition recipe need to be carried out to improve nutritional status.