北京城市总体规划演变与总体规划编制创新

EVOLUTION OF BEIJING MASTER PLANS AND COMPILATION INNOVATION

基于对北京城市总体规划发展脉络的梳理,分析了北京总规编制思路的演进历程与影响机制,针对当前规划转型期的特点提出了总规编制创新思路。首先从规划宗旨、规划目的、落实方式、实施措施等方面阐述几版北京城市总体规划的发展演变历程,接着从国家大政方针、基本制度环境、政府治理模式、社会思潮影响等方面分析导致总规编制重心与思路变化的驱动因素,随后从政府与市场、静态与动态、长远与近期、上下与左右、整体与局部、继承与变革等方面指出当前总规编制需着重处理的几个关系,最后从制度创新、机制创新、内容创新等方面提出总规编制创新的思路。

This paper, by reviewing the development of all previous Beijing master plans since 1953, analyzes the evolution of the ideas and methods of urban master plan compilation, based on which it offers proposals in master plan compilation according to the characteristics of current period. The paper adopts empirical analysis for the following ends. Firstly, by summarizing the evolution of all previous Beijing master plans from the aspects of purposes, value guidance, implementation methods and measures, the article clarifies the process of several root issues. Secondly, this paper analyses the factors that change the focus and ideas of master plan compilation. Thirdly, this article points out six important relationships that should be focused on in master plan compilation in the near future. Finally, the article puts forward several innovative ideas of master plan compilation in terms of system, mechanism and content.