当代乡村景观衰退的现象、动因及应对策略

PHENOMENON, REASONS, AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR CONTEMPORARY RURAL LANDSCAPE DECLINE

通过解读中国快速城市化进程中乡村景观急剧衰退的现象,深入剖析了乡村衰退的原因,即乡村规划政策的匮乏与乡村规划体系的偏见等;并结合乡村景观职能价值的多元化、正外部性、多重空间属性的特征,提出在国家层面确立与乡村价值一致的政策目标与补贴机制,在区域层面建构完善的空间规划体系及差异化的发展体系,在地方层面以民主自治的公共机构建设为目标,同时利用新的规划工具与方法进行管理与设计,以保障未来的乡村景观在满足人类多样的社会需求的同时实现可持续发展。

By interpreting the phenomenon of quick decline of rural landscape amid China＇s rapid urbanization, this paper analyzes and summarizes the reasons as the lack of rural planning policy, the prejudice of rural planning system, etc. Combined with the essential characteristics of rural landscape such as diversification, positive externalities, and multi-level spatial scales, the paper suggests establishing policy objectives and subsidy mechanisms that are in line with rural values at the national level, and constructing a complete spatial planning system and differentiated development system at the regional level. At the local level, it is of great importance to take building democratic and self-governed public institutions as the goal, and at the same time use new planning tools and methods for management and design, so as io guarantee that the future rural landscape can not only meet the various social needs of human but also realize the sustainable development.