舰载机的腐蚀失效及其预防

Corrosion Failure and Prevention of Carrier-Based Aircraft

介绍了舰载机点蚀、丝状腐蚀、晶间腐蚀、应力腐蚀和氢脆5种常见的腐蚀失效模式及其形成机理、失效现象与特征、影响因素等,列举了与设计、制造工艺、材料等因素相关的导致飞机构件腐蚀失效的典型案例,并根据案例的失效原因提出舰载机腐蚀失效的预防与改进措施,以及在设计、制造工艺和选材方面的一些建议。结果表明,飞机的腐蚀控制是一项系统工程,设计中需要充分考虑对导致腐蚀的因素进行有效控制,并注意细节防腐设计;飞机构件在进行合理的防腐设计的同时,材料的工艺状态和材料的选择与环境之间,及材料与工艺之间,应在防腐方面有科学严谨的匹配。

Pitting, filiform corrosion, intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are the com- mon corrosion failure modes in the carrier-based aircraft. The formation mechanisms, failure phenomena, failure charac- teristics and influencing factors of these five failure modes are introduced in this paper. Several typical cases of corrosion failure which are induced by design, manufacturing processes, materials and other factors are presented respectively. The prevention and improvement measures are given, according to the failure reason in each case. Some recommendations for the design, manufacturing processes and materials selection are also discussed here. The results shows that the corrosion control of the aircrafts is a systematic project. In the design, it is necessary to take full account of controlling the factors which affect the corrosion, and pay attention to the details of the anti-corrosion design; In the selection of reasonable anti- corrosion processes, the material and process should get a mutual appropriate match, furthermore, the material and its process should adapt to the environment demands.