肺部感染嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌分布与耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causing pulmonary infection

目的了解肺部感染嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的分布及药敏性,为临床合理用药提供科学依据。方法对2011年6月一2014年6月从医院临床各科肺部感染患者送检标本中分离出嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌,采用纸片扩散法检测药物敏感性,统计分析用WHONET5.6软件。结果肺部感染检出嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌83株,其中ICU、神经外科、呼吸内科等检出率较高,分别检出25、24、10株,检出率分别为30.12%、28.92%、12.05%;其对头孢唑林、哌拉西林、美洛西林、头孢呋辛等抗菌药物的耐药率均为100.00%,仅对氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶等耐药率较低,分别为0、9.09%、17.07%。结论肺部感染嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌耐药性非常严重,仅对氧氟沙星、磺胺甲恶唑/甲氧苄啶、左氧氟沙星耐药率较低,可作为首选药。

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and drug susceptibility of the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causing pulmonary infection so as to provide scientific basis for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics .METHODS From Jun 2011 to Jun 2014 ,the S .maltophilia strains were isolated from the submitted specimens that were ob-tained from patients with pulmonary infections in the clinical departments ,the drug susceptibility testing was per-formed by using disk diffusion method ,and the statistical analysis was carried out with the use of WHONET 5 .6 software .RESULTS Totally 83 strains of S .maltophilia have been isolated from the patients with pulmonary infec-tion ,among which 25 （30 .12% ） strains were isolated from the ICU ,24 （28 .92% ） strains from the neurosurgery department ,10 （12 .05% ） strains from the respiratory medicine department .The drug resistance rates of the S .maltophilia strains to cefazolin ,piperacillin ,mezlocillin ,and cefuroxime were 100 .00% ;the drug resistance rate to ofloxacin was 0 ,levofloxacin 9 .09% ,sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 17 .07% .CONCLUSION The S .mal-tophilia causing pulmonary infection is highly drug-resistant ;ofloxacin ,sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim ,and levo-floxacin should be used as preferred antibiotics .