农民经济行为研究的理性之辩

The Debate of Farmers' Economic Behaviors

学者由于时代、地域和分析角度不一致,对农民经济行为有着不同的认识与理解。国内学者主流观点是农民经济行为在外部环境影响下时而理性,时而非理性。本研究对于韦伯的农民行为不理性,黄宗智的行为半理性和秦晖的约束理性进行扬弃;认为农民经济行为是持续理性的,非理性只是外部评价机制不同。通过囚徒困境,公路模型和蛛网模型分析了农民内在理性与外在理性。最后引入等信息线,分析了信息与农民边际收益关系,认为信息因素决定农民经济行为。

Due to the disaccord of age, geographic and analysis point of view, scholars have different understandings about the farmers＇ economic behavior. The mainstream view of Chinese scholars is that farmers＇ economic behavior presents both rational and irrational trait under different periods. This article has a relevant approve as well as critic to Weber＇s, Huang Zongzhi ＇ s and Qin Hui＇ s opinion and hold the value that farmers＇ economic behavior is rational in continuity, and so-called irrational just originates from external different evaluation mechanism. Then, the author analyzed the inner reason and outer reason of farmers through the prisoner＇ s dilemma, road model and cobweb model. Finally the author introduced the information equal- information-line to analyze the relation between information and marginal benefit farmers, get the conclusion that information factors determine farmers＇ economic behavior.