汽车罐车横向运动液体晃动动力学特性模拟

Dynamic Simulation of Liquid Sloshing Characteristics for Tank Trucks in Lateral Movement

针对部分充液罐车横向运动时罐体内液体的晃动问题,基于多相流模型,运用VOF法对罐车在高速转弯或紧急避让时罐内液体的晃动动力学特性进行了数值模拟.分析了罐车防波板数量、结构以及充液比、侧向加速度等因素对液体晃动动力学特性的影响.模拟结果表明:防波板横向布置可显著降低罐内液体对罐壁的侧向冲击力,且布置一块较大面积的防波板即可达到较好的防波效果;随着充液比的增大,液体横向晃动减小,并能快速趋于平稳;随着罐车侧向加速度的增大,液体横向晃动增大,进而影响车辆侧向稳定性.

Aimed at the problem of lateral liquid sloshing in tank trucks partially filled with liquid,based on the multiphase flowmodel and the VO F method,the liquid sloshing dynamics was simulated for tank trucks in the cases of high-speed turning or emergency avoidance.The effects of the number of baffle plates,baffle configuration,liquid filling ratio and lateral acceleration on the dynamic characteristics of liquid sloshing were studied.The numerical results showthat the longitudinal baffle plates reduce the lateral liquid impact force on the tank wall significantly and the larger-area baffle plates achieve the better reduction effect.The lateral sloshing falls quickly with the liquid filling ratio,while the liquid sloshing increases and the truck lateral stability goes down with the lateral acceleration.