芝麻苗期抗茎点枯病鉴定技术研究

Studies on Resistance Identification Technology to Macrophomina phaseolina in Sesame Seedling Stage

研究通过组织分离法从河南省芝麻主产区分离到5株病原菌,并进一步进行回接鉴定和分子鉴定;通过比较不同消毒剂和消毒时间优化芝麻种子消毒技术;采用最佳消毒技术消毒芝麻种子,在MS培养基上培养无菌苗;5株病原菌通过菌饼法对12份芝麻种质资源无菌苗进行抗性鉴定。为芝麻直接生产应用筛选抗性品种,为抗病育种发掘抗性资源。结果表明,5株病原菌均为芝麻茎点枯病病原菌菜豆壳球孢(Macrophomina phaseolina);用2%Na ClO消毒20 min,获得芝麻无菌苗的效果最好;菌饼法鉴定无菌苗苗期抗性,12份资源对5株M.phaseolina的反应型均不同,只有ZZM0905和ZZM1205对5株病原菌均表现抗病,并且抗性比较稳定。

Five strains pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the diseased plants in major sesame production area of Henan province, these Pathogenic bacteria were identified by Koch＇s Rule and molecular identification. Disinfection technology was optimized through comparison of disinfectants and the disinfection time, sesame seedlings were cultured with best disinfection technology, and the resistance of 12 sesame germplasm resources to Macrophomina phaseolina was identified by inoculating Macrophomina phaseolina in the disinfection seedling of sesame with fungus cake. The study aimed to screen sesame resistant variety for field application and to excavate resistance resources for sesame resistance breeding. The results showed that five strains were all Macrophomlna phaseolina （Tassi） Goid, the seed-disinfected with 2% NaCIO for 20 min produced the best disinfection seedling. The seedling and the result demonstrated that only ZZM0905 and stage resistance was evaluated with fungus cake method ZZM1205 of 12 resources had stable resistance to five different strains, others had different resistance responses.