氮磷配施对旱地油用亚麻水分利用效率及产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application on Water Use Efficiency and Seed Yield of Oilseed Flax in Rain-fed Conditions

为了给旱地农业水肥管理以及科学施肥提供参考依据,通过田间试验研究了油用亚麻氮磷配施后土壤水分分布及其对产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,施肥对土壤含水量有较大的影响,在中氮和高氮水平下,油用亚麻各生育时期100 cm以下各土层含水量均表现为施磷处理高于不施磷处理;在子实期高氮施磷处理的土壤贮水量显著高于其他不施磷肥处理,分别高4.38%、3.37%和3.66%;氮、磷单一施用时,土体供水的贡献率均偏向于某一土层,而氮磷配施时,各个土层土体供水贡献率都表现适中;高氮施磷处理的籽粒产量和水分利用效率均显著高于其他处理,分别达1062.50 kg/hm2和2.60 kg/（mm·hm2）,产量较其他处理增加8.12%~16.76%;WUE分别较其他处理提高7.31%~15.77%。

In order to provide theoretical evidence for the management and fertilizer application in rain-fed agriculture, the experiment was conducted to study the distribution of soil moisture and the effect of nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） application on water use efficiency （WUE） and seed yield of oilseed flax under rain-fed conditions. The result showed that N and P fertilizers play an important role on soil water content under 100 cm depth. Compared with no P fertilizer application, the soil moisture of P application was higher in moderate N and high N treatment during seeding stage. The soil water storage was obviously higher in high nitrogen with P than no P application and increased by average of 4.38%, 3.37% and 3.66%, respectively. The rate of contribution of soil water based on a certain soil layer under N application or P application, however the rate of contribution of soil water moderated with N and P application in all soil layers. Seed yield of oilseed flax and WUE with high N combined with P treatment were obviously higher than other treatments, and seed yield and WUE was 1062.50 kg/hm2 and 2.60 kg/（mm· hm2）, respectively. Seed yield and WUE increased by 8.12%- 16.76% and 7.31%-15.77% than other treatments.