从北极高压、南极低压到南北极间的三维异宿轨道

From Arctic high, Antarctic low to three-dimensional heteroclinic orbit connecting south pole and north pole

本文利用球坐标系(λ,φ,r)中的球面地转风关系,说明当等压线形成最简单的纬向分布时,此时南极是低压,北极是高压.但是,当在地转风关系中加入摩擦力后,则南北极由闭合涡旋变成螺旋涡旋,且两极之间形成一条球面上的三维异宿轨道.

Under the steady condition, the spherical geostrophic wind relationship in spherical coordinates（λ,φ,r） is applied to illustrate that when isobars take the simplest zonal distribution, the Antarctic is at a low ambient pressure, while the Arctic is at high. However, when friction is incorporated into the geostrophic wind relationship, the closed vortex over Antarctic and Arctic will turn to a spiral vortex, and there will exist a three-dimensional heteroclinic orbit between Antarctic and Arctic on the spherical surface.