陕西省老年人体质健康与高血压发病的关系

Relationship between physical health and hypertension incidence among the elderly in Shanxi Province

目的揭示陕西省老年人体质健康与高血压发病的内在联系,提升健康干预的针对性与有效性。方法以全科医学生为测量员,采用测量法等方法对陕西省城乡4 800名老年人高血压与体质健康状况进行调查分析。结果调查有效数据人数城市2 035名,乡村2 262名。城乡老年人静息心率(t=3.421)、体重指数(BMI)(t=4.324)、肌力(t=6.869)、柔韧性(t=8.304)组间比较,差异有统计学意义。陕西老年人高血压发病率为33.75%,高血压组与正常组老年人静息心率(t=2.420)、BMI(t=2.070)组间比较,差异有统计学意义。结论乡村老年人应针对心肺功能、BMI、柔韧性采取干预措施,以降低高血压发病率;维持较低静息心率与BMI是控制高血压发病的关键因素;老年人在体育锻炼过程中,应以有氧耐力运动为主,改善体质健康静息心率及BMI 2个关键指标。

[Objective]To reveal the relationship between physical health and hypertension incidence of Shaanxi elderly,and improve pertinence and validity of health intervention.[Methods]Using the measurement method,the physical health and hypertension status of 4800 elderly people were investigated by general medical students in Shanxi Province. [Results]The valid surveyed number were 2 035 in city and 2 262 in country. There are significant difference between urban and rural elderly in resting heart rate（ t = 3. 421）,BMI index（ t = 4. 324）,muscle strength（ t = 6. 869） and flexibility（ t = 8. 304）; the hypertension incidence rate of the elderly was 33. 75%. Differences were significant between the hypertensive group and normal group in resting heart rate（ t =2.420） and BMI（ t =2.070）. [Conclusion]The rural elderly should take intervention measures to heart and lung function,BMI,flexibility in order to reduce the incidence of hypertension. Maintaining lower resting heart rate and BMI is the key factor to the incidence of hypertension. Elderly should do aerobic endurance exercise to improve key indexes of physical health resting heart rate and BMI.