上海市漕河泾街道居民对艾滋病相关知识的知晓及歧视状况分析

Analysis on awareness rate of HIV /AIDS-related knowledge and discrimination against HIV /AIDS patients among residents in Caohejing Street of Shanghai

目的了解上海市漕河泾街道居民对艾滋病相关知识的知晓及歧视现状,为制定有效的社区艾滋病综合防控措施提供依据。方法在社区居民、中学生、建筑工地中随机抽取397名对象开展问卷调查,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果 3类人群知晓率依次为社区居民（89.00%）、建筑工人（58.42%）、学生（56.00%）。社区居民中曾接受过艾滋病相关宣传的人数最多（89%）,学生最少（40%）。对＂购买感染者家生产的食品＂＂去感染者家串门＂的得分最低,歧视率分别在76.29%-88.50%和53.6%-78.00%间。建筑工人掌握知识情况与持歧视与偏见态度呈负相关。结论学生及流动人口对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率较低,城市居民的艾滋病歧视现象仍存在,需加强对学生、流动人口等重点人群的宣教,充分借助电视、报纸报刊、网络等多元媒体,增加日常宣传频次,加大正面信息的宣传和引导。

[Objective]To understand the situation of awareness rate of HIV /AIDS-related knowledge and discrimination against HIV / AIDS patients among residents in Caohejing Street of Shanghai,provide basis for formulating the effective AIDS prevention and control measures in community.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was performed in 397 respondents who were randomly collected from residents,students and construction workers. The data were analyzed through SPSS 13. 0 software. [Results]The awareness rates in three groups were as follows： residents（ 89. 00%）,construction workers（ 58. 42%） and students（ 56. 00%）. The proportion of people have received the AIDS-related knowledge publicity in residents was the highest（ 89%）,while that in students was the lowest（ 40%）. The scores of purchasing the food produced by infections and visiting the infections＇ families were the lowest,and the discrimination rates were 76. 29%-88. 50% and 53. 6%-78. 00% respectively. In the construction workers,the awareness rate of HIV /AIDS-related knowledge was negatively related to the discrimination and prejudice towards HIV /AIDS patients.[Conclusion]The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge is low among students and floating population,and the urban residents still have the discrimination towards HIV /AIDS patients. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education towards key populations such as students and floating population,increase the frequency of publicity with multi-media,including television,newspaper and network,to improve the publicity and guidance of positive information.