农牧民可持续生计资本与生计策略关系研究——以西藏林芝地区为例

Relationship between livelihood capital and livelihood strategy of rural households:A case of Nyingchi in Tibet

文中以问卷调查和参与式农村评估法,对西藏林芝地区农牧民生计资产状况进行评价,在此基础上对农牧民生计资本与生计策略关系进行分析。结果表明:1)林芝地区农牧民生计资产中自然资本存量较高,但由于人力资本、社会资本、金融资本和物质资本存量较低,导致无法形成最优的生计策略;2)当农牧民有比较多的金融资本和人力资本时,农牧民所采取的生计策略以非农业生计活动为主,当农牧民有较多自然资本和物质资本时,其粘性较强,农牧民不愿意放弃其原有的农业生计活动;3)增加农牧民抵御市场风险能力和生计多样性,政府必须加大信息、资金和技术等方面的投入,使其具有较高的生计资本存量,从而提高农牧民生计水平。

Based on the questionnaire survey and participatory rural appraisal（PRA）,quantitative evaluation on the livelihood assets in Nyingchi District was made,the relationship between livelihood assets and livelihood strategies was analyzed.The main research results are as follows.Firstly,the stock of natural capital is higher,but the stock of human capital,social capital,financial capital and physical capital are lower,so that the configuration of livelihood assets couldn＇t be optimized properly.Secondly,households possessing financial capital and human capital are higher,so it tends to non-agricultural activities,and while those with abundant natural and material capital are more willing to agricultural activities.Thirdly,the government must enhance the support of information,fund and technology in order to achieve the livelihood diversity and strengthen the ability to resist risks,and must enhance the stock of livelihood for farmers in order to improve the livelihood level for farmers.