基于规模报酬可变假设的城市环境绩效评价及其成因分解

Urban Environmental Performance Evaluation and Decomposition of Affecting Factors Based on Variable Return to Scale

本文针对城市环境绩效评价的特点,以方向距离函数和环境DEA生产技术为基础,基于规模报酬可变假设,构建了潜在产出测量模型,应用于城市环境绩效水平测量;并引入共同前沿曼奎斯特—伦伯格指数,构建动态环境绩效评价指数,从而实现对城市环境绩效的动态分析和成因分解。以湖南省13个地级城市为对象进行实证研究,发现了高环境绩效城市发展模式不尽相同,城市环境绩效差异主要由能源消费方式带来,对动态环境绩效改善贡献最大的因素是技术进步,要素配置效率对环境绩效改善的贡献尚不明显等结论。并提出了不同城市应当根据自身优势选择合适的发展模式以实现高环境绩效,着重推进老工业城市的转型升级,发挥技术进步在环境绩效改善中的主导作用,充分发挥深化改革的环境红利效应等政策建议。

This paper is focused on the characteristics of cities＇ environmental performance assessment, employing the directional distance function and DEA production function as the foundation, to constructs the measurement model, based on variable returns to scale and the assumption of potential output. And the underlying measurement model is applied to the level of cities＇ environmental performance assessment. With introducing Meta-frontier Malmquist-Luenberger Index, constructed the dynamic environmental performance assessment index, so as to realize the dynamic analysis and formation of the cities＇ environmental performance decomposition. Selected the 13 prefecture level cities of Hunan Province as the object of empirical studies, found that high environmental performance mode of city development is not the same, identified difference of cities＇ environmental performance mainly by energy consumption patterns, the largest dynamic environment performance improvement factor is contributed by the the technological progress, the efficiency of factors allocation of environmental performance improvement contribution is not significant conclusion. And maked sugguestions that putting forward the suitable development mode to realize high environmental performance based on their own advantages should be different city, focusing on promoting the upgrading and transformation of the old industrial city, playing a leading role in technological progress in environmental performance, giving full play to deepen the reform of the environmental dividend policy.