郑州地区1139例变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析

Prevalence of sensitization to allergens in 1139 patients with allergic rhinitis in Zhengzhou area

目的 了解郑州地区变应性鼻炎（AR）患者主要变应原分布情况,为临床诊断、治疗和预防提供参考.方法 采用20种标准化变应原试剂对1 139例AR患者进行皮肤点刺试验,将所有患者按年龄分为4组,比较不同年龄组患者变应原的分布情况.结果 AR患者的前5位吸入性变应原为粉尘螨（920例次,80.8％）、屋尘螨（870例次,76.4％）、猫上皮（517例次,45.4％）、杂草（397例次,34.9％）、禾本科（353例次,31.0％）;前5位食入性变应原为小虾（143例次,12.6％）、花生（66例次,5.8％）、鸡蛋（56例次,4.9％）、鲤鱼（51例次,4.5％）、肉蛋白Ⅰ（48例次,4.2％）.不同年龄组的变应原种类亦不完全相同.结论 尘螨、猫上皮、杂草和禾本科是郑州地区最主要的变应原.

Objective To investigate the main allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Zhengzhou district.Methods Twenty standardization allergens were used to perform skin prick test in 1 139 patients with allergic rhinitis.The samples were divided into four groups according to the age of the patients.The distributions of different allergens in the four groups were analyzed.Results The top five inhaled allergens were dermatophagoides farina （920 cases,80.8%）,dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （870 cases,76.4%）,cat hair （517 cases,45.4%）,herbs （397 cases,34.9%） and poaceae （353 cases,31.0%） ; the top five ingestive ones were shrimp （143 cases,12.6%）,peanut （66 cases,5.8%）,egg （56 cases,4.9%）,carp （51 cases,4.5%） and meat （48 cases,4.2%）.The distribution of allergens was different among the different age groups.Conclusion Dust mites,cat hair,herbs and poaceae were the most common allergens in Zhengzhou district.