翘嘴鳊及其亲本肌肉营养成分分析

Muscle nutrients of the backcross progeny of female diploid F_1 hybrid( blunt snout bream × topmouth culter) × male blunt snout bream and its parents

为研究新型杂交鱼翘嘴鳊(二倍体鲂鲌F1♀×团头鲂♂)的肌肉营养价值,实验运用生化方法测定和分析了翘嘴鳊、翘嘴红鲌、团头鲂、二倍体鲂鲌F1(团头鲂♀×翘嘴红鲌♂)的肌肉营养成分,包括这些样品的水分、脂肪、蛋白质和灰分含量,以及脂肪酸组成和氨基酸组成。结果表明,翘嘴鳊与其原始亲本相比具有较高的蛋白质和较低的碳水化合物含量;脂肪酸分析发现翘嘴鳊的不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是油酸、DHA等含量显著高于其原始父母本和其他有关鱼类(P<0.05);翘嘴鳊肌肉中具有较高呈味氨基酸比例,该比例高于其父母本的相应比例。研究表明,翘嘴鳊是一种营养价值高、口感好的优质鱼类。

This research of the backcross progeny of female diploid F~ hybrid（blunt snout bream x topmouth culter） x male blunt snout bream（ BTB for short）and its parents topmouth culter （TC）, blunt snout bream （BSB） and BT （ BSB × TC） investigated the chemical composition of muscle nutrients including moisture, fat, protein and ash, as well as the composition of fatty acid and amino acid. The observations suggested that, compared to the original parents, BTB displayed high protein content and low carbohydrate level. Further analysis of fatty acid revealed that the UFA （ unsaturated fatty acids） content in BTB, especially oleic acid, DHA, etc. （ P 〈 0.05 ）, was significantly higher than that in other kinds of fish. In terms of amino acids, BTB had higher flavor amino acid ratio than its parents. Taken together, the results provided biochemistry evidences for proving the advantages of BTB in nutritional value and taste. Key words： distant hybridization; hybrid fish; muscle nutrients; amino acid; fatty acid