脉冲激光作用下平板变形的数值模拟与实验研究

Numerical Simulation and Experiment Study on Thermal Deformation of Steel Plate Heated by Pulse Laser

激光在对材料作用过程中,光斑会带来急剧的温度变化,从而产生热变形,影响制造精度。为了预测和控制热变形,需要研究相关的变形情况及规律。建立了脉冲激光作用下Q345平板热变形的三维模型,使用有限元软件Sysweld进行了模拟,得到了变形场,并对其进行实验验证。结果表明:2 mm钢板的模拟结果与实验结果一致性很高。由此对2 mm薄钢板在不同参数下的热变形进行了模拟预测,分别得到激光作用速度,激光热源输入以及激光光斑直径与热变形翘曲角之间的函数关系式,得到变形规律。同时,通过对中厚钢板在脉冲激光作用下热变形的有限元模拟与实验,得到了其变形情况。

In the process of heating materials, laser spot will bring rapid temperature change to produce thermal deformation and affect the manufacturing accuracy. In order to predict and control the thermal deformation, the deformation condition and rule need to be studied. 3D model of thermal deformation of Q345 plate heated by pulse laser was established,And its deformation process was simulated by using finite element software Sysweld. The deformation field was obtained,which was verified by experiments. The results show that： the simulation results of 2 mm thick steel sheet are highly consistent with the experimental results. And the thermal deformation of 2 mm thick steel sheet with different laser parameters was predicted by numerical simulation. The functional relationships between laser speed, laser heat input, laser spot diameter and thermal deformation warp angle were gotten respectively, and deformation rule was obtained. Meanwhile, through finite element simulation and experiment study, the thermal deformation of medium steel plate heated by pulse laser was obtained.