基于多点脉冲激励的主轴系统运行模态分析方法

New Operational Modal Analysis Method of Spindle System Based on Multiple Pulse Excitation

主轴系统的模态参数是加工稳定性预测及参数优化等的重要依据。针对主轴系统难以实施有效激励的问题,提出了基于多点脉冲激励的运行模态分析(Operational modal analysis,OMA)方法,对刀具、刀柄及主轴分别施加脉冲激励,获取测点的振动响应及互相关函数,采用多参考最小二乘复指数法(poly-reference least square complex exponential method,pLSCE)识别了模态参数。通过模态置信判据方法剔除识别过程所衍生的虚假模态,提高了模态参数识别的准确性。与锤击模态试验结果的对比表明,识别的固有频率与阻尼比的最大相对误差分别为4.57%和11.02%,一致性较好,表明由多点激励下响应信号的互相关函数可准确识别主轴系统模态参数,为主轴系统运行模态分析提供了一种新思路。

Modal parameters of the spindle system is an important basis for the prediction of processing stability and parameters optimization. Aiming at the difficulty in the implementation of effective incentive for the spindle system, a new operational modal analysis（OMA） method based on multiple pulse excitation is brought forward, pulse excitations are respectively applied on the tool, toolholder and spindle, response and cross-correlation functions of vibration signals are achieved and modal parameters are identified through the poly-reference least square complex exponential（pLSCE） method. False modes derived from the recognition process is removed to improve the accuracy of modal parameters identification by the modal assurance criterion method. Comparative analysis shows that the maximum relative error of the natural frequency and damping ratio is 4.57% and 11.02% respectively and the OMA results are in good agreement with the hammer modal test results. Results indicate the modal parameters of spindle system can be accurately identified by the cross-correlation functions of response signals under multiple pulse excitation, the work provide a new method for OMA of spindle system.