汽车轻量化之有效途径——高分子材料的应用

Effective ways of automobile lightweight——Application of polymer materials

降低燃油消耗和减少污染排放已成为当今汽车工业发展和社会可持续发展亟待解决的关键问题,而汽车轻量化是实现汽车节能减排的最直接和最有效途径。综述了汽车轻量化的重要意义,着重概述了汽车轻量化的有效途径——高分子材料的应用,即塑料、纤维、橡胶三大高分子材料在汽车上应用。高分子材料具有质轻、高强、耐腐蚀和易成型等优点,"以塑代钢"是目前材料科学研究的重点,也是未来汽车工业发展的主导方向。

With the development of automobile industry and the sustainable society, the in- creases of fuel consumption and pollution emissions have become the important problems to be solved. The automobiles lightweight is the most effective and direct way to realize the fu- el saving and emission reduction. In this paper, the importance of vehicles lightweight is discussed, and the application of polymer materials, such as plastic, fiber and rubber, is al- so summarized emphatically. Because the polymer materials have the characters of light weight, high strength, anti-corrosion and good formability, it has become an significant is- sue to research how to replace steels by polymers, which is also one of the predominant di- rections of automobile development in the future.