微通道内光气的合成以及原位转化

Synthesis and in-Situ Conversion of Phosgene in a Microchannel Reactor

光气(COCl2)是一种重要的但又剧毒的化工中间体,其安全生产方法学研究具有重要的科学意义和工业价值。以FeCl3为催化剂、以四氯化碳(CCl4)与过氧化氢(H2O2)为反应原料,以微通道为反应器,以氨气和光气反应生成尿素为探针反应,实现了在微通道反应器内原位生产和利用光气。通过考察反应温度、H2O2浓度、FeCl3浓度以及进料流速对光气收率的影响,确定了反应的最佳条件(温度55.0℃,CCl4浓度0.104 mol/L,FeCl3质量分数1.0%,H2O2质量分数15.0%,总流率12.0 mL/min),在该条件下,光气的收率可达93%。本研究揭示了微通道反应器内原位合成和利用光气的可行性,为更多有机化合物的光气化提供了有益参考,而且该方法有望有效消除光气在存储、运输和使用过程中因泄露带来的潜在危险。

Phosgene is an important but high toxic chemical intermediate, and its safe preparation is of scientific and industrial importance. In a microchannel reactor, synthesis of phosgene was first conducted using anhydrous iron（Ⅲ） chloride as catalyst and carbon tetrachloride and hydrogen peroxide as reactants, and then its in-situ conversion was achieved by reacting phosgene with ammonia water.The factors affecting the yield of phosgene such as reaction temperature, concentration of H2O2, concentration of catalyst and feeding rate were investigated. The phosgene yield reaches 93% under the optimum experimental condition. The results show the feasibility of the on-site synthesis and in-situ conversion of phosgene in a microchannel reactor, which could be an efficient method to eliminate the potential risks in production, storage, transport and utilization of phosgene. This method would be also applicable for organic compounds phosgenation reaction in a microchannel reactor.