性别与平等的进化缩影:一个女权主义者之旅1

Evolving Images of Gender and Equality: A Feminist's Journey

我们对美国法律中的平等概念应该重新审视。以波西亚女子法学院的建立和法院对穆勒诉帕里贡案(穆勒诉俄勒冈州案)等案件的裁决为开端,美国女性对以两性间相同待遇为倡导的性别平等的追求,以及对改善女性地位的追求逐渐发展。尽管美国女性在选举、就业、财产方面已经获得了与男性法律上的平等地位,但对公民利益的分配仍然存在着严重的不平等。从某种程度上来说,这是由于美国人认为自治权的位阶高于平等权,因此打着自治更重要的幌子牺牲了大量的平等,而忽略了在这个共同生活的国家中,到处都充满触发式的依赖和永恒脆弱的事实。

The concept of equality in the United States’legal system should be re-examined. Starting with the founding of Portia Women’s Law School and the adjudication of cases such as Muller V. Oregon, where the pursuit of gender equality to primarily promote same gender treatment, and the pursuit of improving women social status has been developing gradually. Although women have already gained equal legal rights as men in respect to voting, employment, and owning property, there still exists severe inequality in the distribution of benefits. To an extent, this is due Americans regarding the right of autonomy as superior to right of equality. They promote autonomy as a more significant right at the cost of equality in areas, but they ignore the fact that in the United States, dependence and fragility exist everywhere.